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Deutsch: Lignit («Schieferkohle»)
Français: Lignite
Italiano: Lignite
English: Lignite

DE: Schieferkohle ist eine Pleistozäne Braunkohle, in der die Holzstruktur noch von blossem Auge erkennbar ist. Die Braunkohle der Molasse (oder noch älter) wird hier nicht berücksichtigt. Schieferkohle bildete sich durch Inkohlung von Holz aus pleistozänen interglazialen und -stadialen Sumpf- und Moorlandschaften. Die schwarzen Schieferkohleflöze sind meist nur zentimeter- bis dezimetermächtig. Im erdfeuchten Zustand ist die Schieferkohle kompakt, z.T. leicht biegsam und blättert beim Trocknen auf.

FR: Il s’agit ici de lignite du Pléistocène («Schieferkohle»), au sein de laquelle la structure du bois est encore visible à l’oeil nu. Les niveaux de lignite de la Molasse (ou plus anciens encore) ne sont pas considérés ici. Le lignite s’est formé par carbonisation du bois dans des dépôts interglaciaires et interstadiaires de marais et de tourbières au Pléistocène. Les niveaux sombres de lignite ne dépassent généralement pas quelques centimètres ou décimètres d’épaisseur. A l’état humide, le lignite est compact et partiellement souple ; il s’écaille en séchant.

siehe Anweisungen zur Darstellung des quartären Formenschatzes / Instructions pour la représentation des formes quaternaires

diluviale Braunkohle (Studer 1872)

Deutsch: Bulle-Melangezone
Français: Zone de mélange de Bulle
Italiano: Zona di mélange di Bulle
English: Bulle Mélange Zone

The Bulle Mélange Zone, at the front of the Western Swiss Alps, lies between the Subalpine Molasse and the Prealps nappes (Gurnigel, Voirons or Préalpes Médianes nappes). It comprises the Infraprealpine Mélange (“wildflysch”) in which slivers are embedded. The four bigger slivers, of kilometer scale, have been defined as slices: Bois de Bouleyres and Montsalvens slices near Bulle, Pléiades Slice north of Montreux and Faucigny Slices north of Bonneville in Savoie. The lithologies of these slivers are of similar types to some of the Pillon Mélange Zone.

Bulle (FR)

dépression de Bulle = klippes jurassiques de la plaine de Bulle (de Girard 1901), Niederung von Bulle (Büchi 1923), Zone de la plaine de Bulle (Pasquier 2005), Bulle Mélange Zone (Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Chaines-Subalpines-Decke
Français: Nappe des Chaines Subalpines
Italiano: Falda delle Chaines Subalpines
English: Chaines Subalpine Nappe

The Chaines Subalpines Nappe is a Lower Helvetic tectonic nappe of the French Alps constituted by a succession of large folds with NW vergence to the north of the latitude of Annecy and with W vergence to the south. Its eastern contact is a thrust fault plunging NW over the Aiguilles Rouges and Belledonne massifs. It is overlain to the north by the Pillon Mélange Zone just below the Penninic Prealps, and overlies the southern end of the Subalpine Molasse to the west. The Chaines Subalpines Nappe is subdivided into several units by thrust faults. All these units are composed of Jurassic–Cenozoic sediments of North Helvetic origin, except the most external one, located south of Annecy, whose series is similar to that of the Internal Folded Jura.

chaînes subalpines dauphinoises (Gignoux & Moret 1944), Catene Subalpine (Sturani 1971, Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Subalpine Ketten (Trümpy 1974), massifs subalpins, zone subalpine (Pairis et al. 1992), chaîne subalpine, Chaines Subalpine Nappe (Gouffon et al. 2024)

"Préalpes" des géographes

Deutsch: Haute-Saône-Tafel
Français: Plateau de Haute-Saône
Italiano: Piattaforma della Haute-Saône
English: Haute-Saône Platform

The Haute-Saône Platform forms the southeastern rim of the Paris Basin and is formed predominantly by Mesozoic sediments, with some post-rift Neogene Molasse sediments. It is mostly located in France except for the Ajoie area. At its eastern boundary, the separation from the northern part of the Upper Rhine Graben is clearly defined by NNE–SSW trending normal faults. In the south, however, the situation is more complex. Here, the limestone plateau of Ajoie, regarded as belonging to the Haute-Saône Platform, is separated from the northward-adjacent Upper Rhine Graben by a W–E trending flexure dissected by N–S trending normal faults. To the south, the Haute-Saône Platform is mostly bounded by the Detached North Alpine Foreland, in particluar by the frontal Faisceaux of the External Folded Jura. South of the Ajoie area, where the External Folded Jura is missing, the Internal Folded Jura is thrust directly onto the Haute-Saône Platform.

Nordfranzösisches Schichtstufenland, North French Scarplands, Plateaux de Haute-Saône et de Haute-Marne, Haute-Saône Platform (Gouffon et al. 2024)