Toarcian (184.2 +/-0.3 Ma)
Zurück zu ZeitskalaDarstellung und Status
- Index
- toa
- Farbe CMYK
- 40 / 5 / 0 / 0
- Farbe RGB
- R: 153 G: 206 B: 227
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Gebrauch
- Element ist in Gebrauch
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Diskussion des Status
Nomenklatur
- Deutsch
- Toarcien (CH) (DE/AT: Toarcium / Toarc)
- Français
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- Italiano
- Toarciano
- English
- Toarcian (184.2 +/-0.3 Ma)
- Herkunft des Namens
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Named after the town of Thouars (Deux-Sèvres, France), south of Saumur. The protected stratotype lies in an old quarry. Its GSSP is located at Peniche (Portugal).
- Historische Varianten
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Lias supérieur (d'Orbigny 1842), Toarcien (d'Orbigny 1849), Thouarsien (Mayer-Eymar 1864, Mouterde 1956), 12e Etage = Toarcien (Greppin 1866)
- Nomenklatorische Bemerkungen
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Latin: Toarcium
Hierarchie und Abfolge
- Untergeordnete Einheiten
- Hangendes
- Obergrenze
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Top lies just below the first appearance of the ammonite genus Leioceras.
- Untergrenze
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Base defined by the first appearance of Eodactylites mirabile (Tethyan Realm), or alternatively by the mass appearance of other dactylioceratids together with Paltarpites paltus.
Alter
- Alter Top
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- Toarcien
- Alter Basis
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- Toarcien
Geografie
- Typusregion
- Deux-Sèvres (Paris Basin, France)
- Typusprofil
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Carrière de Vrines (Deux-Sèvres), près de Thouars
Merkmale des Ortes- typische Fazies
- geschützter Geotop
- <p>Proposed by d'Orbigny (1849) and further studied by Eudes-Deslongchamps and Welsch. Detailed biostratigraphy by Gabilly (1976), who pointed out the condensed nature (7 m altogether) of the section and the incompleteness of the record at the base.</p>
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Carrière de Vrines (Deux-Sèvres), près de Thouars
- Referenzprofile
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Anse Saint-Nicolas, Jard-sur-Mer (Vendée, France)
Merkmale des Ortes- Untergrenze
- Complementary profile proposed by Gabilly (1976) for the base of the Toarcian stage.
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Anse Saint-Nicolas, Jard-sur-Mer (Vendée, France)
Referenzen
- Erstdefinition
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1846) :
Foraminifères fossiles du bassin tertiaire de Vienne (Autriche). Gide, Paris
Ce nom dérive de la ville de Thouars (Toarcium) (Deux-Sèvres), où l'on ne trouve que cet étage sur les roches aszoïques; où il a le plus beau développement en France et peut être regardé comme point type, point étalon. C'est la zone du Lima gigantea et de l'Ammonites bifrons.
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Material und Varia
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Late Toarcian
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Age
- spätes Toarcien
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Middle Toarcian
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- The Middle Toarcian is defined biostratigraphically by the ammonite genera Hildoceras and Haugia.
- Age
- mittleres Toarcien
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Early Toarcian
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
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The Early Toarcian is characterized almost worldwide by black shales (among which the well-known «Posidonienschiefer» of Southern Germany, and the French «schistes-carton») with an ammonite fauna composed mainly of dactylioceratids, harpoceratids and early hildoceratids.
- Age
- frühes Toarcien
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Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event
- Rang
- OAE
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
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Major oceanic anoxic event of the Early Toarcian (around 183 Ma ago), documented by black shale deposits found on all major continents (no oceanic drilling cores have recovered black shales of this age as there is little or no Toarcian ocean crust remaining in the world ocean). This event correlates with a marine extinction event.